Computational Ethnography: Automated and Unobtrusive Means for Collecting Data In Situ for Human–Computer Interaction Evaluation Studies

Health information technology (HIT) holds great promise to cross the quality chasm of the US healthcare system and to bend the curve of ever-rising costs. However, many successfully deployed HIT systems have failed to generate anticipated benefits; (Bloomrosen et al. 2011) some are even associated with unintended adverse consequences (Kellermann and Jones 2013). It has been extensively documented that the lack of usability is one of the key factors accounting for the suboptimal outcomes of implementing the current generation of HIT systems (Bloomrosen et al. 2011). Human–computer interaction (HCI) evaluation studies, which help designers and researchers assess the effectiveness of competing designs